Reported human trafficking cases more than doubled in Kathmandu Valley in the fiscal 2016-17 compared to the previous fiscal. The Valley registered 55 cases of human trafficking in 2016-17 against 23 in 2015-16 and 25 in 2014-15, according to a three-year statistics published by Metropolitan Police Office. In 2016-17, Kathmandu dealt with 51 cases followed by Lalitpur and Bhaktapur (two each). The figures indicate that Kathmandu has become a fertile ground for human traffickers. According to police, many of the victims are sold and exploited as modern-day slaves. Investigating officials attribute the increase in reported cases of human trafficking to increased public awareness and say this does not necessarily mean there has been an actual surge in the crime. Metropolitan Police Crime Division has set up a hotline (1177) to collect information about human trafficking and is receiving an average of 20 calls daily. Anyone can call the hotline from anywhere. However, the caller should dial 9771177 while making a call from abroad. Victims or informers can contact and give information that lead to the arrest of perpetrators and rescue of the victims. Most of the callers complain about being lured by false promises of decent jobs and better lives abroad, salary not given as agreed by the agents earlier, seizure of machine readable passports, and women and girls being trafficked to foreign countries in the name of foreign employment. The 2016 report ‘Trafficking in Persons’ published by National Human Rights Commission stated smuggling to China for forced sex, to Afghanistan for security guard, smuggling to USA via Latin America, smuggling to South Korea and China was on the rise. Key agents of smugglers comprise a range of individuals as well as agencies including recruiting agencies, education consultancies, marriage bureaus, cultural groups. Human trafficking for dance in orchestra and trafficking in the name of network business to India are new dimensions of human trafficking. Similarly, the 2016 report of the United States Department of State has classified Nepal as a Tier 2 country, which means that the Government of Nepal does not fully meet the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking, although it is making significant efforts to do so. Nepali women and girls are subjected to sex trafficking in Nepal, India, the Middle East, Asia, and sub-Saharan Africa. Nepali men, women and children are subjected to forced labour in Nepal, India, the Middle East, and Asia.